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Contained in two volumes, D.C. Somervell's abridgement of this magnificent enterprise preserves the method, atmosphere, texture, and, in many instances, the very words of the original. First published in 1947 and 1957, these two volumes are themselves a great historical achievement. Volume 2, which abridges Volumes VII-X of Toynbee's study, includes sections on Universal States, Universal Churches, Heroic Ages, Contacts Between Civilizations in Space, Contacts Between Civilizations in Time, Law and Freedom in HIstory, The Prospects of the Western Civilization, and the Conclusion.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eAuthor: Arnold J. 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Arendt explores the institutions and operations of totalitarian movements, focusing on the two genuine forms of totalitarian government in our time—Nazi Germany and Stalinist Russia—which Hannah Arendt adroitly recognizes were two sides of the same coin, rather than opposing philosophies of Right and Left. From this vantage point, she discusses the evolution of classes into masses, the role of propaganda in dealing with the non totalitarian world, the use of terror, and the nature of isolation and loneliness as preconditions for total domination.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Hannah Arendt\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Paperback \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705378561,"sku":"9780156701532","price":19.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-dZTZPpg-XL.png?v=1492525013"},{"product_id":"thecambridgecompaniontomedievalphilosophycambridgecompanionstophilosophybyasmcgradeeditor","title":"The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Philosophy","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"a-section a-spacing-none\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 22px; color: #111111; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpanning a millennium of thought extending from Augustine to Thomas Aquinas and beyond, this volume takes its readers into one of the most exciting periods in the history of philosophy. It includes not only the thinkers of the Latin West but also the profound contributions of Islamic and Jewish philosophers such as Avicenna and Maimonides. Leading specialists examine what it was like to study philosophy in the cultures and institutions of the Middle Ages. Supplementary material includes chronological charts and biographies of the major thinkers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: (Editor) A.S. 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Written by the great fourteenth-century Arab scholar Ibn Khaldûn (d. 1406), this monumental work established the foundations of several fields of knowledge, including the philosophy of history, sociology, ethnography, and economics. The first complete English translation, by the eminent Islamicist and interpreter of Arabic literature Franz Rosenthal, was published in three volumes in 1958 as part of the Bollingen Series and received immediate acclaim in the United States and abroad. 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They had to relate new realities of power and authority to the ideal constitution which he had laid down and which his immediate successors had elaborated. Against this background Dr Rosenthal discusses the later Muslim philosophers who were influenced by the political thought of Plato and Aristotle. He shows how Greek thought modified the Islamic and yet was always subordinated to Muslim categories of thought and political needs.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e Dr Rosenthal thus surveys the chief traditions of Islamic political thought from the eighth to the end of the fifteenth centuries. He emphasizes the basic unity given by the shared faith of the writers, without diminishing the individuality of each. 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At the polemical level, fascism has become a generic term applied to virtually any form of real or potential violence, while among Marxist and left-wing scholars discredited interpretations of fascism as a \"product of late capitalism\" are revived. Empty of cognitive significance, these formulas disregard the historical and philosophical roots of fascism as it arose in Italy and spread throughout Europe. In \u003cem\u003eGiovanni Gentile: Philosopher of Fascism\u003c\/em\u003e, A. James Gregor returns to those roots by examining the thought of Italian Fascism's major theorist. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: James A. 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When the best libraries in Europe held several dozen books, Baghdad's great library, The House of Wisdom, housed \u003ci style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003efour hundred thousand\u003c\/i\u003e. Jonathan Lyons shows just how much \"Western\" ideas owe to the Golden Age of Arab civilization. Even while their countrymen waged bloody Crusades against Muslims, a handful of intrepid Christian scholars, hungry for knowledge, traveled East and returned with priceless jewels of science, medicine, and philosophy that laid the foundation for the Renaissance. In this brilliant, evocative book Jonathan Lyons reveals the story of how Europe drank from the well of Muslim learning. \n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eAuthor: Jonathan Lyons\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705388737,"sku":"9781608190584","price":18.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/Untitled5.jpeg?v=1493320667"},{"product_id":"theamericanbible-whoseamericaisthishowourwordsunitedivideanddefineanation","title":"The American Bible-Whose America Is This? 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Kennedy, and Ronald Reagan to the novels of Mark Twain and Ayn Rand, and beyond, Prothero’s stirring and provocative handbook peels back the curtain on the inner workings of what makes America tick.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Stephen Prothero\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Paperback \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Baker \u0026 Taylor","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705388865,"sku":"978-0-06-212345-9","price":19.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-KrQbg77-XL.png?v=1492628939"},{"product_id":"blackmassapocalypticreligionandthedeathofutopia","title":"Black Mass: Apocalyptic Religion and the Death of Utopia","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan id=\"productTitle\" class=\"a-size-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.3 !important;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eFor the decade that followed the end of the cold war, the world was lulled into a sense that a consumerist, globalized, peaceful future beckoned. The beginning of the twenty-first century has rudely disposed of such ideas―most obviously through 9\/11and its aftermath. But just as damaging has been the rise in the West of a belief that a single model of political behavior will become a worldwide norm and that, if necessary, it will be enforced at gunpoint.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: -4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eBlack Mass\u003c\/i\u003e, celebrated philosopher and critic John Gray explains how utopian ideals have taken on a dangerous significance in the hands of right-wing conservatives and religious zealots. He charts the history of utopianism, from the Reformation through the French Revolution and into the present. And most urgently, he describes how utopian politics have moved from the extremes of the political spectrum into mainstream politics, dominating the administrations of both George W. 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A startling image of danger and instability emerges as \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eOn Empire\u003c\/em\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003esketches the tangled relationship between globalization, war, and the prospects for peace in a world that has witnessed uninterrupted military conflict since 1914.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e It is against this somber backdrop that Hobsbawm offers his views about why America will never achieve the dominance of past empires—despite the overwhelming preponderance of U.S. military power in the world. And in a powerful series of historical observations about the war in Iraq, Hobsbawm dismantles every major assumption underlying American military strategy, demonstrating the utter futility of U.S. hopes for “victory” in the Middle East.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: E.J. 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Fakhry shows how Islamic philosophy has followed from the earliest times a distinctive line of development, which gives it the unity and continuity that are the marks of the great intellectual movements of history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-size-extra-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.2 !important;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eAuthor: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-size-extra-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.2 !important;\"\u003eMajid Fakhry\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-size-extra-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.2 !important;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31351773134946,"sku":"9780231132213","price":53.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-dfmD3JV-XL.png?v=1492513111"},{"product_id":"medievalislamicpoliticalthoughtbypatriciacrone","title":"Medieval Islamic Political Thought","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis book presents general readers and specialists alike with a broad survey of Islamic political thought in the six centuries from the rise of Islam to the Mongol Invasions. Based on a wide variety of sources, it seeks to bring out the enormous scope and high level of historical (and, in some cases, contemporary) interest of medieval Muslim thinking on this subject. The author aims to make Islamic political thought easier for modern readers to understand by relating it to the contexts in which it was formulated, analysing it in terms familiar to the reader, and, where possible, comparing it with medieval European and modern thought.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Patricia Crone\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Baker \u0026 Taylor","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705397185,"sku":"9780748618705","price":91.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-QW6b2Vk-XL.png?v=1492526469"},{"product_id":"theventureofislamvolume1theclassicalageofislambymarshallhodgson","title":"The Venture of Islam, Volume 1: The Classical Age of Islam","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eThe Venture of Islam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e has been honored as a magisterial work of the mind since its publication in early 1975. In this three-volume study, illustrated with charts and maps, Hodgson traces and interprets the historical development of Islamic civilization from before the birth of Muhammad to the middle of the twentieth century. This work grew out of the famous course on Islamic civilization that Hodgson created and taught for many years at the University of Chicago. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eVolume 1, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eThe Classical Age of Islam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e, analyzes the world before Islam, Muhammad's challenge, and the early Muslim state between 625 and 692. Hodgson then discusses the classical civilization of the High Caliphate. The volume also contains a general introduction to the complete work and a foreword by Reuben Smith, who, as Hodgson's colleague and friend, finished the Venture of Islam after the author's death and saw it through to publication. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eAuthor: Marshall Hodgson\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705405249,"sku":"9780226346830","price":51.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-LJ4kV2c-XL.png?v=1492575154"},{"product_id":"theventureofislamvolume2theexpansionofislaminthemiddleperiodsbymarshallhodgson","title":"The Venture of Islam, Volume 2: The Expansion of Islam in the Middle Periods","description":"\u003ch2\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003ci style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eThe Venture of Islam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e has been honored as a magisterial work of the mind since its publication in early 1975. In this three-volume study, illustrated with charts and maps, Hodgson traces and interprets the historical development of Islamic civilization from before the birth of Muhammad to the middle of the twentieth century. This work grew out of the famous course on Islamic civilization that Hodgson created and taught for many years at the University of Chicago.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eIn the second work of this three-volume set, Hodgson investigates the establishment of an international Islamic civilization through about 1500. This includes a theoretical discussion of cultural patterning in the Islamic world and the Occident.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eAuthor: Marshall Hodgson\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705405761,"sku":"9780226346847","price":51.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-3GRXz3J-XL.png?v=1492574840"},{"product_id":"theventureofislamvolume3thegunpowderempiresandmoderntimesventureofislamvol3bymarshallhodgson","title":"The Venture of Islam, Volume 3: The Gunpowder Empires and Modern Times","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003ci style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eThe Venture of Islam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e has been honored as a magisterial work of the mind since its publication in early 1975. In this three-volume study, illustrated with charts and maps, Hodgson traces and interprets the historical development of Islamic civilization from before the birth of Muhammad to the middle of the twentieth century. This work grew out of the famous course on Islamic civilization that Hodgson created and taught for many years at the University of Chicago.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cbr style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eIn this concluding volume of \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eThe Venture of Islam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e, Hodgson describes the second flowering of Islam: the Safavi, Timuri, and Ottoman empires. The final part of the volume analyzes the widespread Islamic heritage in today's world.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eAuthor: Marshall Hodgson\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705406273,"sku":"9780226346854","price":51.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-S8S5dv4-XL.png?v=1492575032"},{"product_id":"misquotingmuhammadthechallengeandchoicesofinterpretingtheprophetslegacybyjohnathanbrown","title":"Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMisquoting Muhammad\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003etakes the reader back in time through Islamic civilization and traces how and why such controversies developed, offering an inside view into how key and controversial aspects of Islam took shape. \u003cem\u003eMisquoting Muhammad\u003c\/em\u003e lays out how Muslim intellectuals have sought to balance reason and revelation, weigh science and religion, and negotiate the eternal truths of scripture amid shifting values.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Johnathan Brown     \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705434177,"sku":"9781780747828","price":18.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/Untitled1_3b731e6e-f23e-4c60-87c8-3245c42553a1.jpeg?v=1493660595"},{"product_id":"thefallandriseoftheislamicstate","title":"The Fall and Rise of the Islamic State","description":"\u003cp\u003ePerhaps no other Western writer has more deeply probed the bitter struggle in the Muslim world between the forces of religion and law and those of violence and lawlessness as Noah Feldman. His scholarship has defined the stakes in the Middle East today. Now, in this incisive book, Feldman tells the story behind the increasingly popular call for the establishment of the shari'a--the law of the traditional Islamic state--in the modern Muslim world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: -4px 0px 14px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eWestern powers call it a threat to democracy. Islamist movements are winning elections on it. Terrorists use it to justify their crimes. What, then, is the shari'a? Given the severity of some of its provisions, why is it popular among Muslims? Can the Islamic state succeed--should it? Feldman reveals how the classical Islamic constitution governed through and was legitimated by law. He shows how executive power was balanced by the scholars who interpreted and administered the shari'a, and how this balance of power was finally destroyed by the tragically incomplete reforms of the modern era. The result has been the unchecked executive dominance that now distorts politics in so many Muslim states. Feldman argues that a modern Islamic state could provide political and legal justice to today's Muslims, but only if new institutions emerge that restore this constitutional balance of power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: -4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Fall and Rise of the Islamic State\u003c\/i\u003e gives us the sweeping history of the traditional Islamic constitution--its noble beginnings, its downfall, and the renewed promise it could hold for Muslims and Westerners alike. In a new introduction, Feldman discusses developments in Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, and other Muslim-majority countries since the Arab Spring and describes how Islamists must meet the challenge of balance if the new Islamic states are to succeed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: -4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: -4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eAuthor: Noah Feldman\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: -4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin: -4px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Baker \u0026 Taylor","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705456257,"sku":"9780691156248","price":14.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-XMfqfk9-XL.png?v=1492527893"},{"product_id":"leoafricanus","title":"Leo Africanus","description":"\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e\"I, Hasan the son of Muhammad the weigh-master, I, Jean-Leon de Medici, circumcised at the hand of a barber and baptized at the hand of a pope, I am now called the African, but I am not from Africa, nor from Europe, nor from Arabia. I am also called the Granadan, the Fassi, the Zayyati, but I come from no country, from no city, no tribe. I am the son of the road, my country is the caravan, my life the most unexpected of voyages.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-size-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.3 !important;\"\u003e\u003cbr style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eThus wrote Leo Africanus, in his fortieth year, in this imaginary autobiography of the famous geographer, adventurer, and scholar Hasan al-Wazzan, who was born in Granada in 1488. His family fled the Inquisition and took him to the city of Fez, in North Africa. Hasan became an itinerant merchant, and made many journeys to the East, journeys rich in adventure and observation. He was captured by a Sicilian pirate and taken back to Rome as a gift to Pope Leo X, who baptized him Johannes Leo. While in Rome, he wrote the first trilingual dictionary (Latin, Arabic and Hebrew), as well as his celebrated \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eDescription of Africa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e, for which he is still remembered as Leo Africanus.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-size-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.3 !important;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eAuthor: \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-size-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.3 !important;\"\u003eAmin Maalouf\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-size-large\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; line-height: 1.3 !important;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #333333; margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705457473,"sku":"9781561310227","price":16.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-GPmzzX7-XL.png?v=1492575798"},{"product_id":"astudyofhistoryvolumes1-v1","title":"A Study of History Volumes 1-V1","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eArnold Toynbee's \u003c\/span\u003eA Study of History\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e has been acknowledged as one of the greatest achievements of modern scholarship. A ten-volume analysis of the rise and fall of human civilizations, it is a work of breath-taking breadth and vision. D.C. Somervell's abridgment, in two volumes, of this magnificent enterprise, preserves the method, atmosphere, texture, and, in many instances, the very words of the original. Originally published in 1947 and 1957, these two volumes are themselves a great historical achievement.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eVolume 1, which abridges the first six volumes of Toynbee's study, includes the Introduction, The Geneses of Civilizations, and The Disintegrations of Civilizations.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 22.4px;\"\u003eVolume 2, an abridgment of Volumes VII-X, includes sections on Universal States, Universal churches, Heroic Ages, Contacts Between Civilizations in Space, Contacts Between Civilizations in Time, Law and Freedom in History, The Prospects of Western Civilization, and the Conclusion.\u003c\/span\u003e  \u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003eAuthor: Arnold J. Toynbee\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"description\" style=\"font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; max-width: 80%; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #ffffff;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705457537,"sku":"9780195050806","price":27.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/Untitled31.jpeg?v=1493339205"},{"product_id":"theelizabethanworldpicture","title":"The Elizabethan World Picture","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003eThis brief and illuminating account of the ideas of world order prevalent in the Elizabethan age and later is an indispensable companion for readers of the great writers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries—Shakespeare and the Elizabethan dramatists, Donne and Milton, among many others. The basic medieval idea of an ordered Chain of Being is studied by Professor Tillyard in the process of its various transformations by the dynamic spirit of the Renaissance. Among his topics are: Angels; the Stars and Fortunes; the Analogy between Macrocosm and Microcosm; the Four Elements; the Four Humours; Sympathies; Correspondences; and the Cosmic Dance—ideas and symbols which inspirited the minds and imaginations not only of the Elizabethans but of all men of the Renaissance.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003eAuthor: E.M.W. Tillyard\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705458241,"sku":"9780394701622","price":14.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-FmRHXLn-XL.png?v=1492575643"},{"product_id":"whenasiawastheworldtravelingmerchantsscholarswarriorsandmonkswhocreatedtherichesoftheeast","title":"When Asia Was the World","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"oaimY _1ntuX\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"\u003eWhen Asia Was the World: Traveling Merchants, Scholars, Warriors, and Monks Who Created the \"Riches of the \"East\"\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003eWhile European civilization stagnated in the “Dark Ages,” Asia flourished as the wellspring of science, philosophy, and religion. Linked together by a web of spiritual, commercial, and intellectual connections, the distant regions of Asia's vast civilization, from Arabia to China, hummed with trade, international diplomacy, and the exchange of ideas. Stewart Gordon has fashioned a compelling and unique look at Asia from AD 700 to 1500—a time when Asia was the world—by relating the personal journeys of Asia's many travelers.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003eAuthor: Stewart Gordon\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705467649,"sku":"9780306817397","price":17.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-MknqjrX-XL.png?v=1492611334"},{"product_id":"thomasjeffersonsquranislamandthefounders","title":"Thomas Jefferson's Qur'an: Islam and the Founders","description":"\u003cp\u003eAs popular suspicions about Islam persist and the numbers of American Muslim citizenry grow into the millions, Spellberg’s revelatory understanding of this radical notion of the Founders is more urgent than ever. \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eThomas Jefferson’s Qur’an\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e is a timely look at the ideals that existed at our country’s creation, and their fundamental implications for our present and future.\u003cstrong\u003e    \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Denise Spellberg\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan color=\"#333333\" face=\"Arial, sans-serif\" style=\"color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;\"\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32705470593,"sku":"9780307388391","price":16.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/i-VDNnvhb-XL.png?v=1492612017"},{"product_id":"muhammad-a-prophet-for-our-time","title":"Muhammad: A Prophet for Our Time","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Man Who Inspired the World's Fastest-Growing Religion\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMuhammad\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003epresents a fascinating portrait of the founder of a religion that continues to change the course of world history. Muhammad's story is more relevant than ever because it offers crucial insight into the true origins of an increasingly radicalized Islam. Countering those who dismiss Islam as fanatical and violent, Armstrong offers a clear, accessible, and balanced portrait of the central figure of one of the world's great religions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Karen Armstrong\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":37965942145,"sku":"9780061155772","price":15.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/Muhammadaprophetforourtime.jpeg?v=1505854143"},{"product_id":"the-case-for-islamo-christian-civilization","title":"The Case for Islamo-Christian Civilization","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eConventional wisdom maintains that the differences between Islam and Christianity are irreconcilable. Pre-eminent Middle East scholar Richard W. Bulliet disagrees, and in this fresh, provocative book he looks beneath the rhetoric of hatred and misunderstanding to challenge prevailing―and misleading―views of Islamic history and a \"clash of civilizations.\" These sibling societies begin at the same time, go through the same developmental stages, and confront the same internal challenges. Yet as Christianity grows rich and powerful and less central to everyday life, Islam finds success around the globe but falls behind in wealth and power.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAuthor: Richard Bulliet\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Baker \u0026 Taylor","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":1670226608158,"sku":"9780231127974","price":26.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/islamo-christian_civilization.jpeg?v=1506727566"},{"product_id":"lost-islamic-history-reclaiming-muslim-civilization-from-the-past","title":"Lost Islamic History: Reclaiming Muslim Civilization from the Past","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIslam has been one of the most powerful religious, social, and political forces in history. Over the last 1400 years, from origins in Arabia, a succession of Muslim polities and later empires expanded to control territories and peoples that ultimately stretched from southern France, to East Africa to South East Asia. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYet many of the contributions of Muslim thinkers, scientists, and theologians, not to mention rulers, statesmen and soldiers, have been occluded. This book rescues from oblivion and neglect some of these personalities and institutions while offering the reader a new narrative of this lost Islamic history. The Umayyads, Abbasids, and Ottomans feature in the story, as do Muslim Spain, the savannah kingdoms of West Africa and the Mughal Empire, along with the later European colonization of Muslim lands and the development of modern nation-states in the Muslim world. Throughout, the impact of Islamic belief on scientific advancement, social structures, and cultural development is given due prominence, and the text is complemented by portraits of key personalities, inventions and little known historical nuggets. The history of Islam and of the world's Muslims brings together diverse peoples, geographies, and states, all interwoven into one narrative that begins with Muhammad and continues to this day.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAuthor: Firas Alkhateeb\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":4954042105886,"sku":"9781849046893","price":25.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/lostislamichistory.jpeg?v=1511911896"},{"product_id":"traveling-man","title":"Traveling Man","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan id=\"productTitle\" class=\"a-size-large\"\u003eTraveling Man: The Journey of Ibn Battuta 1325-1354\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e Rumford, himself a world traveler, has retold Ibn Battuta’s story in words and pictures, adding the element of ancient Arab maps—maps as colorful and evocative as a Persian miniature, as intricate and mysterious as a tiled Moroccan wall. Into this arabesque of pictures and maps is woven the story not just of a traveler in a world long gone but of a man on his journey through life.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAuthor: James Rumford\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":12709756239970,"sku":"9780618432332","price":7.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/Travelling_Man.jpeg?v=1533328373"},{"product_id":"islam-in-america","title":"A History of Islam in America","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA History of Islam in America: From the New World to the New World Order\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMuslims began arriving in the New World long before the rise of the Atlantic slave trade. The first arrivals date to the turn of the sixteenth century when European explorers and colonists crossed the Atlantic in search of new horizons and trading routes. Kambiz GhaneaBassiri's fascinating book traces the history of Muslims in the United States and their different waves of immigration and conversion across five centuries, through colonial and antebellum America, through world wars and civil rights struggles, to the contemporary era. The book tells the often deeply moving stories of individual Muslims and their lives as immigrants and citizens within the broad context of the American religious experience, showing how that experience has been integral to the evolution of American Muslim institutions and practices. This is a unique and intelligent portrayal of a diverse religious community and its relationship with America. It will serve as a strong antidote to the current politicized dichotomy between Islam and the West, which has come to dominate the study of Muslims in America and further afield.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAuthor: Kambiz GhaneaBassiri\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":13229148143714,"sku":"9780521614870","price":36.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/Islam_in_America.jpeg?v=1535402761"},{"product_id":"servants-of-allah-african-muslims-enslaved-in-the-americas","title":"Servants of Allah: African Muslims Enslaved in the Americas","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eServants of Allah\u003c\/em\u003e presents a history of African Muslims, following them from West Africa to the Americas. Although many assume that what Muslim faith they brought with them to the Americas was quickly absorbed into the new Christian milieu, as Sylviane A. Diouf demonstrates in this meticulously-researched, groundbreaking volume, Islam flourished during slavery on a large scale. She details how, even while enslaved, many Muslims managed to follow most of the precepts of their religion. Literate, urban, and well-traveled, they drew on their organization, solidarity and the strength of their beliefs to play a major part in the most well-known slave uprisings. 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Bamba seemed to know what was to happen to him for, the night before his arrest, he gathered his disciples together. The majority fervently pronounced that they were willing to launch a violent resistance and to die rather than allow the French to take Shaykh Ahmadou Bamba away. Bamba’s reaction was to state that in a war there are never any victors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThirty-three years of exile, imprisonment and house arrest only fortified his spirit, as affirmed by his moving ubiquitous poetic expressions. His writings are seen as living texts that make them forever current. He petitioned God to ensure that the verse he composed “be an eternal source of happiness for whomever would apply its knowledge . . . and that it would lead the sincere aspirant to spiritual vision, and to unveiling of profound secrets.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis story of the role of African ‘natives’ and Sufi Masters in peace building breathes a fresh spiritual and intellectual air into the history of Islam in Africa in general and Senegal in particular.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKimball’s presentation of colonial resistance and non-violent social change is compelling and timely. This is an unprecedented account, through oral and written histories, into the life and times of a great poet and peacemaker. It is a book of universal import with a message of truth, peace, and the power of nonviolence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“Michelle Kimball is to be congratulated in making the life and thought of Shaykh Ahmadou Bamba, the great Senegalese Sufi master of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, accessible to the English-speaking world. His spiritual life as well as peaceful combat against colonialism have much to teach contemporary Muslims. Her work also reveals the very important but often forgotten truth that classical and traditional Sufism did not belong only to what Westerners call the Middle Ages but continued into recent times and is still alive as a living tradition.” - Seyyed Hossein Nasr, University Professor of Islamic Studies,The George Washington University\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“Careful yet compelling, this biography of West Africa’s great spiritual luminary is required reading for all who seek a devout alternative to modern fundamentalism and intolerance.” - Abdal Hakim Murad, Dean, Cambridge Muslim College\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“Shaykh Ahmadou Bamba ranks with such apostles of peaceful militancy as Mahatma Gandhi, Abdul Ghaffar Khan, and Martin Luther King Jr. Kimball’s presentation of this Sufi shaykh’s espousal of non-violent social change is compelling and timely. Quoting frequently from Ahmadou Bamba’s own writings, Kimball weaves a narrative of anti-colonial resistance and social transformation. That such an activist voice could emerge from the din of colonial alienation is a testament to the enduring strength of the principle of peace in Islam.” - Professor Eric Ross, PhD, School of Humanities \u0026amp; Social Sciences,Al Akhawayn University, Morocco.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“Michelle Kimball is to be congratulated for authoring this admirable book. I have benefited from reading this book, which has greatly helped me to know better about this Muslim Peacemaker who, however, is rather little known outside the African continent. It is my sincere hope that this book will be appreciated by many readers from different continents and different cultural backgrounds given the universal import of his message of truth, peace, and nonviolence.” - Osman Bakar, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Islamic Civilization and Contemporary Issues, SOASCIS, Universitiy of Brunei Darussalam.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Michelle Kimbal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"The Other Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":20442423263330,"sku":"978-967-0957-20-3","price":25.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/files\/ShaykhAhmadouBamba-APeacemakerforOurTime.jpg?v=1765398144"},{"product_id":"the-negro-in-arab-muslim-consciousness","title":"The 'Negro' in Arab-Muslim Consciousness","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e-What is 'negro'? Who qualifies? What is its Arabic equivalent? And, what did pre-modern writers mean by it? There is a common belief that the 'negro' refers to any \"black\" person of sub-Saharan African heritage. Historians, however, often differentiate between the Moor, the Nubian, the Ethiopian, the Kushite, and the Negro. Why this distinction if all \"black\" Africans and those of African heritage presumably belong to a common pedigree? This book's author, Dr. Abdullah bin Hamid Ali, argues that the 'Negro' or 'Zanj' as perceived by premodern Arab historians, theologians, and jurists was not only a geographical population. It was also one perceived to be culturally inferior to all other known 'races.' For Arab climatic theorists like Al-Mas'udi and Ibn Khaldun, this phenomenon could easily be explained by the fact that the 'Negroes' (al-Zunuj) lived at the extreme southern regions of the Earth which brought with it a lack of industriousness and urbanization ('umran) similar to what one might find as he\/she travels closer to civilization's center, the Mediterranean. A particular aim of this work is to underscore how racial conceptions and perceptions can and have influenced aesthetic standards, social inclusion, and legal norms. The work also demands that its reader reconsider any preset ideas about reified races, which contributes to confusion about the dynamics of race and racism in current times.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAuthor: Abdullah Ali \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBinding: soft cover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Claritas Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31276946128994,"sku":"1-905837-62-3","price":25.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/the-negro-in-arab-muslim-consciousness.jpg?v=1581087176"},{"product_id":"muhammad-prophet-of-peace-amid-the-clash-of-empires","title":"Muhammad: Prophet of Peace Amid the Clash of Empires","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMany observers stereotype Islam and its scripture as an inherently extreme or violent narrative that has overshadowed the truth of its roots. In this masterfully told account, preeminent Middle East expert Juan Cole takes us back to Islam the Prophet Muhammad's-origin story.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCole shows how Muhammad came of age in an era of unparalleled violence. The Eastern Roman Empire and the Sasanian Empire of Iran fought savagely throughout the Near East and Asia Minor. Muhammad's profound distress at the carnage of his times led him to envision an alternative movement, one firmly grounded in peace. The religion Muhammad founded, Islam, spread widely during his lifetime, relying on soft power instead of military might, and sought armistices even when militarily attacked. Cole sheds light on this forgotten history, reminding us that in the Qur'an, the legacy of that spiritual message endures.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA vibrant history that brings to life the fascinating and complex world of the Prophet, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMuhammad\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eis the story of how peace is the rule and not the exception for one of the world's most practiced religions.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAuthor: Juan Cole\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBinding: Hardcover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31979607687266,"sku":"978-1568587837","price":28.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/Muhammad_Prophet_of_Peace_Amid_the_Clash_of_Empires.png?v=1749078381"},{"product_id":"slaverys-exiles-the-story-of-the-american-maroons","title":"Slavery's Exiles - The Story of the American Maroons","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOver more than two centuries men, women, and children escaped from slavery to make the Southern wilderness their home. They hid in the mountains of Virginia and the low swamps of South Carolina; they stayed in the neighborhood or paddled their way to secluded places; they buried themselves underground or built comfortable settlements. Known as maroons, they lived on their own or set up communities in swamps or other areas where they were not likely to be discovered.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAlthough well-known, feared, celebrated, or demonized at the time, the maroons whose stories are the subject of this book have been forgotten, overlooked by academic research that has focused on the Caribbean and Latin America. Who the American maroons were, what led them to choose this way of life over alternatives, what their individual and collective lives were like, how they organized themselves to survive, and how their particular story fits into the larger narrative of slave resistance are questions that this book seeks to answer. To survive, the American Maroons reinvented themselves, defied slave society, enforced their own definition of freedom, and dared create their own alternative to what the country had delineated as being black men and women’s proper place. Audacious, self-confident, autonomous, sometimes self-sufficient, always self-governing; their very existence was a repudiation of the basic tenets of slavery.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Sylviane Diouf\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32090017366114,"sku":"9780814760284","price":27.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/slaverys-exiles.jpg?v=1611785037"},{"product_id":"longing-for-the-lost-caliphate-a-transregional-history","title":"Longing for the Lost Caliphate: A Transregional History","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eIn the United States and Europe, the word \"caliphate\" has conjured historically romantic and increasingly pernicious associations. Yet the caliphate's significance in Islamic history and Muslim culture remains poorly understood. This book explores the myriad meanings of the caliphate for Muslims around the world through the analytical lens of two key moments of loss in the thirteenth and twentieth centuries. Through extensive primary-source research, Mona Hassan explores the rich constellation of interpretations created by religious scholars, historians, musicians, statesmen, poets, and intellectuals.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eHassan fills a scholarly gap regarding Muslim reactions to the destruction of the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad in 1258 and challenges the notion that the Mongol onslaught signaled an end to the critical engagement of Muslim jurists and intellectuals with the idea of an Islamic caliphate. She also situates Muslim responses to the dramatic abolition of the Ottoman caliphate in 1924 as part of a longer trajectory of transregional cultural memory, revealing commonalities and differences in how modern Muslims have creatively interpreted and reinterpreted their heritage. Hassan examines how poignant memories of the lost caliphate have been evoked in Muslim culture, law, and politics, similar to the losses and repercussions experienced by other religious communities, including the destruction of the Second Temple for Jews and the fall of Rome for Christians\u003c\/span\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39270170099810,"sku":"978-0691183374","price":35.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/LongingforTheLatCaliphate..png?v=1616100733"},{"product_id":"up-from-slavery","title":"Up From Slavery","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan id=\"freeText2873034095222691952\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eHistorically acknowledged as one of America's most powerful orators, Washington challenged racial prejudice when such behavior from a black man was unheard of. Here is the dramatic, autobiographical account of how he stood fast against the social and ideological bias prevalent in his day.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Booker T. Washington\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39270350487650,"sku":"978-0-451-53147-6","price":4.25,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/UpFromSlavery.png?v=1616102103"},{"product_id":"erasing-thehuman-collapse-of-the-post-colonial-world-and-the-refugee-immigration-crisis","title":"Erasing the Human: Collapse of the Post-Colonial World and the Refugee Immigration Crisis","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"product_desc_p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe collapse of the post-colonial world has given rise to overwhelming injustices in many nations across the world, none more so than in Palestine. Borders and boundaries are creating a refugee-immigration crisis on a mass scale leading to the slow ‘erasure’ of the human through systematic oppression and the ongoing struggle for liberation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"product_desc_p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNavigating to unmask the structural racism, violence, and multiple genocides, this book delves deep into Dr. Bazian’s own experiences as a Palestinian living in the diaspora away from his homeland, to critically analyze the history and origins of the immigration-refugee crisis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"product_desc_p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"product_desc_p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAuthor: Hatem Bazian\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"product_desc_p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Claritas Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39401571778658,"sku":"9781800119956","price":23.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/erasing_the_human.png?v=1630594674"},{"product_id":"what-went-wrong-western-impact-and-middle-eastern-response","title":"What Went Wrong? Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"text\"\u003eIn this landmark volume, an authority on the Middle East examines the anguished reaction of the Islamic world as it tries to understand why things have changed, how they have been overtaken, overshadowed, and to an increasing extent dominated by the West. 15 illustrations. \u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Bernard Lewis\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Hardcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39445204205666,"sku":"978-0195144208","price":41.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/files\/What_Went_Wrong.png?v=1720994426"},{"product_id":"the-emperor-who-never-was","title":"The Emperor Who Never Was","description":"\u003ch5\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 1.4em;\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eThe definitive biography of the eldest son of Emperor Shah Jahan, whose death at the hands of his younger brother Aurangzeb changed the course of South Asian history.\u003c\/h5\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eDara Shukoh was the eldest son of Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal emperor, best known for commissioning the Taj Mahal as a mausoleum for his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal. Although the Mughals did not practice primogeniture, Dara, a Sufi who studied Hindu thought, was the presumed heir to the throne and prepared himself to be India’s next ruler. In this exquisite narrative biography, the most comprehensive ever written, Supriya Gandhi draws on archival sources to tell the story of the four brothers―Dara, Shuja, Murad, and Aurangzeb―who with their older sister Jahanara Begum clashed during a war of succession. Emerging victorious, Aurangzeb executed his brothers, jailed his father, and became the sixth and last great Mughal. After Aurangzeb’s reign, the Mughal Empire began to disintegrate. Endless battles with rival rulers depleted the royal coffers until by the end of the seventeenth century Europeans would start gaining a foothold along the edges of the subcontinent.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eHistorians have long wondered whether the Mughal Empire would have crumbled when it did, allowing European traders to seize control of India if Dara Shukoh had ascended the throne. To many in South Asia, Aurangzeb is the scholastic bigot who imposed a strict form of Islam and alienated his non-Muslim subjects. Dara, by contrast, is mythologized as a poet and mystic. Gandhi’s nuanced biography gives us a more complex and revealing portrait of this Mughal prince than we have ever had.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAuthor: Supriya Gandhi\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBinding: Hardcover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Harvard Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40197628100706,"sku":"978-0674987296","price":33.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/TheEmperorWhoNeverWas.png?v=1671376873"},{"product_id":"confessions-of-an-economic-hitman","title":"The New Confessions of an Economic Hitman","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff2a00;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-text-bold\"\u003eThe riveting third edition of this \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-text-bold a-text-italic\"\u003eNew York Times\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-text-bold\"\u003e bestseller blows the whistle on China’s economic hit man (EHM) strategy, exposes corruption on an international scale, and offers much-needed solutions for curing the degenerative Death Economy. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn this shocking exposé, former EHM John Perkins gives an insider view into the corrupt system that cheats and strong-arms countries around the globe out of trillions of dollars and ultimately causes staggering income inequality and ecological devastation.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eEHMs are highly paid professionals who use development loans to saddle countries with huge debts and force them to serve US interests. Now, a new EHM wave is infecting the world, and at the peak of the devastation sits China, a newly dominant economic power, with its own insidious version of the US EHM blueprint. Twelve explosive new chapters detail the allure, exploitation, and wreckage of China’s EHM strategy in Latin America, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Europe.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eIf allowed to continue its rampage, the EHM strategy—whether executed by the United States or China—will destroy life as we know it. However, all is not lost. Perkins offers a plan for transforming this system that places profits above all into a Life Economy that restores the earth. He inspires readers to take actions toward a new era of global cooperation that will end the United States’s and China’s EHM strategies for good.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e Author: John Perkins\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Paperback\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40207450308706,"sku":"978-1626566743","price":23.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/files\/ConfessionsofanEconomicHitMan_3rdEdition.png?v=1760146546"},{"product_id":"the-muqaddimah-volumes-1-2-3","title":"The Muqaddimah - Volumes 1, 2, \u0026 3","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Muqaddimah (المقدمة)\u003c\/strong\u003e, often translated as \"\u003cem\u003eIntroduction\u003c\/em\u003e\" or \"\u003cem\u003eProlegomenon\u003c\/em\u003e,\" is the most important Islamic history of the premodern world. Written by the great fourteenth-century Arab scholar\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIbn Khaldun\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(d. 1406), this monumental work established the foundations of several fields of knowledge, including the\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ephilosophy\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eof\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb\u003ehistory\u003c\/b\u003e,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb\u003esociology\u003c\/b\u003e,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb\u003eethnography\u003c\/b\u003e, and\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb\u003eeconomics\u003c\/b\u003e. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #ff2a00;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003eAuthor: Ibn Khaldun\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTranslator: Franz Rosenthal\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Volume 1","offer_id":40212514144354,"sku":"9789390804740","price":39.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Volume 2","offer_id":40212514177122,"sku":"9789390804757","price":39.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Volume 3","offer_id":40212514209890,"sku":"9789390804764","price":39.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/muq1.jpg?v=1674862432"},{"product_id":"ibn-khalduns-philosophy-of-history","title":"Ibn Khaldun's Philosophy of History","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-content a-expander-partial-collapse-content a-expander-content-expanded\" aria-expanded=\"true\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis book, first published in 1957, is the study of 14th-century Arab historian Ibn Khaldun, who founded a special science to consider history and culture, based on the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle and their Muslim followers. In no other field has the revolt of modern Western thought against traditional philosophy been so far-reaching in its consequences as in the field of history. Ibn Khaldun realized that history is more immediately related to action than political philosophy because it studies the actual state of man and society. He found that the ancients had not made history the object of independent science, and thought it was important to fill this gap. A factual acquaintance with the conclusions of Ibn Khaldun’s reflections on history is not the same as a full comprehension of their theoretical significance. When these fundamental questions are answered, it becomes possible to pose the specific question of the relation of Ibn Khaldun’s philosophy of history, or his new science of culture, to other practical sciences and, particularly, to the art of history. After an exposition of the major trends of Islamic historiography, part of this book attempts to answer this question through the analysis of the method and intention of the sections of the ‘History’ where Ibn Khaldun himself examines the works of major Muslim historians, shows the necessity of the new science of culture, and distinguishes it from other practical sciences.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-header a-expander-partial-collapse-header\"\u003eAuthor: Muhsin Mahdi\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-header a-expander-partial-collapse-header\"\u003eBindning: Paperback\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-header a-expander-partial-collapse-header\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40212586791010,"sku":"978-1138947238","price":200.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/ibnkhaldun.jpg?v=1675112224"},{"product_id":"the-code-of-hammurabi","title":"The Code of Hammurabi","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. The sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi, enacted the code, and partial copies exist on a man-sized stone stele and various clay tablets. The Code consists of 282 laws, with scaled punishments, adjusting \"an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth\" (lex talionis) as graded depending on the social status, of slave versus free man. Nearly one-half of the Code deals with matters of contract, establishing, for example, the wages to be paid to an ox driver or a surgeon. Other provisions set the terms of a transaction, establishing the liability of a builder for a house that collapses, for example, or property that is damaged while left in the care of another. A third of the code addresses issues concerning household and family relationships such as inheritance, divorce, paternity, and sexual behavior. Only one provision appears to impose obligations on an official; this provision establishes that a judge who reaches an incorrect decision is to be fined and removed from the bench permanently. A few provisions address issues related to military service. Hammurabi ruled for nearly 42 years, from c. 1792 to 1750 BC according to the Middle chronology. In the preface to the law, he states, \"Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared Marduk, the patron god of Babylon (The Human Record, Andrea \u0026amp; Overfield 2005), to bring about the rule in the land.\" On the stone slab, there are 44 columns and 28 paragraphs that contained 282 laws. The laws follow the rules of 'an eye for an eye.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAuthor: Hammurabi\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40236548423778,"sku":"9781519649522","price":8.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/code_20hammurabiEdited.jpg?v=1674767297"},{"product_id":"khadijah","title":"Khadijah First Lady","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eKhadijah (RA) was the first wife of the Prophet Muhammad (SAWS), the first to believe in his message and the first mother of the greatest nation history has ever seen. This book about Khadijah (RA) has rich descriptions, a flowing narrative as well as historical sources. It is accessible to young readers as well as adults.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAuthor: Fatima Barkatulla\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eBinding: Hardback \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAges: 9+\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4 class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/h4\u003e\n\u003ch6 class=\"p1\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/h6\u003e","brand":"Mecca Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40264611037282,"sku":"9781905516933","price":23.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/khadijahEdited.jpg?v=1677706184"},{"product_id":"ibn-yunus-the-father-of-astronomy","title":"Ibn Yunus - The Father of Astronomy","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-cel-widget=\"bookDescription_feature_div\" data-csa-c-id=\"uslko7-18279v-shqce6-j4grf1\" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row=\"false\" data-csa-c-asin=\"1921772379\" data-csa-c-slot-id=\"bookDescription_feature_div\" data-csa-c-content-id=\"bookDescription\" data-csa-c-type=\"widget\" data-feature-name=\"bookDescription\" class=\"celwidget\" id=\"bookDescription_feature_div\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-collapsed-height a-row a-expander-container a-spacing-base a-expander-partial-collapse-container\" data-a-expander-collapsed-height=\"140\" data-a-expander-name=\"book_description_expander\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-content a-expander-partial-collapse-content\" aria-expanded=\"false\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eIbn Yunus is known as one of the greatest astronomers of all time. He was the first man to calculate when a solar eclipse would take place. A crater on the moon was named after him. \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThrough beautiful illustrations and easy-to-understand text, this book introduces children to Ibn Yunus, “The Father of Astronomy”, as well as the du'a (prayer) for increasing one’s knowledge.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAges: 3-7\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-cel-widget=\"globalStoreInfoBullets_feature_div\" data-csa-c-id=\"jbnh2f-ajsncu-k7vjvu-xcuvz3\" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row=\"false\" data-csa-c-asin=\"1921772379\" data-csa-c-slot-id=\"globalStoreInfoBullets_feature_div\" data-csa-c-content-id=\"globalStoreInfoBullets\" data-csa-c-type=\"widget\" data-feature-name=\"globalStoreInfoBullets\" class=\"celwidget\" id=\"globalStoreInfoBullets_feature_div\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-cel-widget=\"buyingOptionNostosBadge_feature_div\" data-csa-c-id=\"y0r012-mvyal4-j5qov6-988qad\" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row=\"false\" data-csa-c-asin=\"1921772379\" data-csa-c-slot-id=\"buyingOptionNostosBadge_feature_div\" data-csa-c-content-id=\"buyingOptionNostosBadge\" data-csa-c-type=\"widget\" data-feature-name=\"buyingOptionNostosBadge\" class=\"celwidget\" id=\"buyingOptionNostosBadge_feature_div\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-cel-widget=\"edpIngress_feature_div\" data-csa-c-id=\"t7ev7h-90xa6-ilcvz4-zd4egn\" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row=\"false\" data-csa-c-asin=\"1921772379\" data-csa-c-slot-id=\"edpIngress_feature_div\" data-csa-c-content-id=\"edpIngress\" data-csa-c-type=\"widget\" data-feature-name=\"edpIngress\" class=\"celwidget\" id=\"edpIngress_feature_div\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-cel-widget=\"richProductInformation_feature_div\" data-csa-c-id=\"cgb2q6-mfatxw-uty8nc-4lelxh\" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row=\"false\" data-csa-c-asin=\"1921772379\" data-csa-c-slot-id=\"richProductInformation_feature_div\" data-csa-c-content-id=\"richProductInformation\" data-csa-c-type=\"widget\" data-feature-name=\"richProductInformation\" class=\"celwidget\" id=\"richProductInformation_feature_div\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-cel-widget=\"rich_product_information\" data-csa-c-id=\"elejsp-wf5ps9-9e94m-55hb69\" class=\"a-section a-spacing-none celwidget\" id=\"rich_product_information\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40278906306658,"sku":"9781921772375","price":7.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/ibnyunusEdited.jpg?v=1678830626"},{"product_id":"ibn-battuta-the-great-traveller","title":"Ibn Battuta - The Great Traveller","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e Long before planes or trains were invented, Ibn Battuta went on a remarkable 30-year journey, including four trips to Hajj, traveling over 100,000 kilometers.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrough beautiful illustrations and easy-to-understand text, this book introduces children to Ibn Battuta, “The Great Traveller”, as well as the du'a (prayer) for one starting a journey.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAges: 3+\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40282233471074,"sku":"9781921772382","price":7.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/ibnbattutakidsEdited.jpg?v=1678831057"},{"product_id":"ibn-majid-the-master-navigator","title":"Ibn Majid - The Master Navigator","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e  When Ibn Majid created the compass, he became known as \"The Master Navigator.\" Through beautiful illustrations and easy-to-understand text, this book introduces children to Ibn Majid, “The Master Navigator,” as well as the du'a (prayer) before leaving one’s house.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAges: 3+\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40282277380194,"sku":"9781921772405","price":7.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/products\/ibnmajidEdited.jpg?v=1678833874"},{"product_id":"montesquieu-the-spirit-of-the-laws","title":"Montesquieu - The Spirit of The Laws","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe Spirit of the Laws is without question one of the central texts in the history of eighteenth-century thought, yet there has been no complete scholarly English language edition since 1750. This lucid translation renders Montesquieu's problematic text newly accessible to a fresh generation of students, helping them to understand why Montesquieu was such an important figure in the early Enlightenment and why The Spirit of the Laws was such an influence on those who framed the American Constitution. Fully annotated, this edition focuses on Montesquieu's use of sources and his text as a whole, rather than on those opening passages toward which critical energies have traditionally been devoted.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Charles de Montesquieu \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40409513689186,"sku":"978-0-521-36974-9","price":45.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/files\/Montesquieu-TheSpiritofTheLaws.png?v=1692824134"},{"product_id":"the-hundred-years-war-on-palestine","title":"The Hundred Years' War on Palestine","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003eA History of Settler Colonialism and Resistance, 1917-2017\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-text-bold\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA landmark history of one hundred years of war waged against the Palestinians from the foremost US historian of the Middle East, told through pivotal events and family history.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eIn 1899, Yusuf Diya al-Khalidi, mayor of Jerusalem, alarmed by the Zionist call to create a Jewish national home in Palestine, wrote a letter aimed at Theodore Herzl: the country had an indigenous people who would not easily accept their own displacement. He warned of the perils ahead, ending his note, “In the name of God, let Palestine be left alone.” Thus Rashid Khalidi, al-Khalidi’s great-great-nephew, begins this sweeping history, the first general account of the conflict told from an explicitly Palestinian perspective.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eDrawing on a wealth of untapped archival materials and the reports of generations of family members―mayors, judges, scholars, diplomats, and journalists―\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-text-italic\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe Hundred Years' War on Palestine\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e upends accepted interpretations of the conflict, which tend, at best, to describe a tragic clash between two peoples with claims to the same territory. Instead, Khalidi traces a hundred years of colonial war on the Palestinians, waged first by the Zionist movement and then Israel, but backed by Britain and the United States, the great powers of the age. He highlights the key episodes in this colonial campaign, from the 1917 Balfour Declaration to the destruction of Palestine in 1948, from Israel’s 1982 invasion of Lebanon to the endless and futile peace process.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eOriginal, authoritative, and important\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"a-text-italic\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e, The Hundred Years' War on Palestine\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eis not a chronicle of victimization, nor does it whitewash the mistakes of Palestinian leaders or deny the emergence of national movements on both sides. Reevaluating the forces arrayed against the Palestinians, it offers an illuminating new view of a conflict that continues to this day.\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Rashid Khalidi\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBinding: Softcover\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Ingram","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40503896670306,"sku":"9781250787651","price":18.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/files\/TheHundredYears_WaronPalestine_5031b11f-bb23-49a4-b0dd-25343bbe9964.png?v=1697806063"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1834\/5639\/collections\/IMG_6671.jpg?v=1671135172","url":"https:\/\/bookstore.zaytuna.edu\/collections\/history\/photography.oembed","provider":"Zaytuna College Bookstore","version":"1.0","type":"link"}